Augmented reality personal assistant apparatus

Field of the invention

The present invention generally relates to (a) chemical compositions for lowering the risks of Alzheimer's, Cardiovascular and Diabetes diseases, (b) delivery (nanodelivery and molecular coupling) of bioactive compounds and/or bioactive molecules and (c) disease diagnostics (molecular nanodiagnostics).

The present invention also relates to (d) a wearable augmented reality subsystem, (e) a wearable subsystem and (f) a portable internet appliance in healthcare; when connected with ambient/always on sensors.

Background of the invention

One of the most intriguing discoveries is that many risk factors for Cardiovascular, Type-1 Diabetes and Type-2 Diabetes diseases can be risk factors for Alzheimer's disease (also known as Type-3 Diabetes disease). High blood cholesterol levels are important risk factors for Alzheimer's disease. If blood flow is restricted because of plaque accumulation/buildup in a human brain, less oxygen gets to a human brain and fewer waste residues leave a human brain.

Type-1 Diabetes disease can be caused by autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing cells in the pancreas, resulting in high blood sugar. The drugs that block effector-memory T cells can delay and/or prevent Type-1 Diabetes disease.

Type-2 Diabetes disease can be linked to excessive iron, diseased pancreas and metabolic syndrome/obesity-hence macrophages in fat tissues. The macrophages in fat tissues produce cytokine molecules, which can cause inflammations in the pancreas. Such inflammations in the pancreas can increase the insulin (a hormone needed to convert carbohydrates, foods and glucose into energy needed for daily life) resistance and gradually the pancreas loses its ability to produce insulin. Type-2 Diabetes disease is marked by high levels of blood glucose resulting from defects in glucose production and/or glucose inaction and/or insulin production and/or insulin inaction. Type-2 Diabetes disease and obesity can be linked with cryptochrome, a protein. Cryptochrome can regulate/modulate/synchronize the biological clock and glucose level in a human body. An increased level of cryptochrome can suppress/inhibit the production of enzymes (in the liver) for glucose generation during fasting (gluconeogenesis). Bioactive compounds and/or bioactive molecules that enhance the activity of calcineurin/NFAT can be effective against Type-2 Diabetes disease, wherein the beta cells do not produce enough insulin. Type-2 Diabetes disease is caused by insufficient numbers of insulin-producing beta cells. But Type-2 Diabetes disease not only lacks insulin, but also produces too much glucagon. Normally, about 50% of the insulin produced by the pancreas is immediately destroyed by the liver; but there may be a mechanism to regulate how much insulin enters the bloodstream. Insulin degrading enzyme (IDE) is a protease, an enzyme that chops proteins or peptides into smaller pieces. If insulin degrading enzyme is inhibited, insulin can remain in the blood stream longer. Insulin is involved in a surprisingly wide range of important processes, including memory and cognition, thus insulin degrading enzyme inhibitors may have multiple therapeutic applications. Insulin degrading enzyme is a thiol-sensitive zinc-metallopeptidase.

Both Type-1 and Type-2 Diabetes diseases can lead to serious complications (e.g., high blood pressure, kidney disease and premature death). But people with Type-1 and Type-2 Diabetes diseases can control/manage the diseases to lower the risks of serious complications.

The risk of Alzheimer's disease can be linked with obesity and Type-2 Diabetes disease. SorCS1 transport protein can control how the insulin receptor moves around a cell/neuron. Deficiency in SorCS1 transport protein can increase the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease, because amyloid precursor protein (APP) spends too much time in the region of the neuron wherein amyloid precursor protein is broken down into amyloid beta protein. A human brain has a low antioxidant level and requires a large volume of blood pumped through it to function properly. The biochemical reaction of glucose (in blood) with proteins is known as glycation. Glycation can cause problems in a human brain. The glucose molecule can be split/divided open by enzymes for energy consumption in a human brain and two

reactive aldehydes can crosslink with proteins in a human brain-thus leading to a decreased blood flow. Another possible link is leptin, a hormone. Leptin is released by fat cells in a human body and acts on the leptin receptors in a human brain to regulate hunger. There are a number of leptin receptors all over a human body including in the hypothalamus of a human brain. Higher level of leptin can suppress appetite and enhance metabolism. Leptin also plays a key role in modulating insulin. But obesity can create leptin resistance-thus leptin is not transported efficiently in a human brain. Higher levels of leptin in a human brain may lower the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. Leptin can also reduce the production of amyloid beta protein, wherein amyloid beta protein is involved in Alzheimer's disease. Although obesity is often associated with insulin resistance and Diabetes disease, this is not always the case. However, when T-bet protein is absent, the relationship between fat and insulin resistance can be altered. T-bet is a protein that regulates the differentiation and function of immune cells.

Clinical and epidemiological studies have found that Type-2 Diabetes disease and hyperinsulinaemia, increased the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. The link between hyperinsulinaemia and Alzheimer's disease may be insulin degrading enzyme. This enzyme degrades both insulin and amylin peptides related to the pathology of Type-2 Diabetes disease along with amyloid-beta peptide, a short peptide found in excess in the Alzheimer's brain.

Summary of the invention

Chemical Compositions

The present invention relates to chemical compositions (various embodiments) of bioactive compounds for lowering the risks of Alzheimer's, Cardiovascular and Diabetes diseases.

Furthermore, the present invention relates to a chemical composition of a sugar free sweetener for people with Type-2 Diabetes disease.

Furthermore, the present invention relates to various chemical compositions (various embodiments) of a sugar free super-sweetener for people with Type-2 Diabetes disease.

Passive Delivery

The present invention relates to passive delivery (various embodiments) of bioactive compounds and/or bioactive molecules.

Active Delivery

The present invention relates to active delivery (various embodiments) of bioactive compounds and/or bioactive molecules.

Nanodelivery/Molecular Coupling

The present invention relates to targeted nanodelivery and molecular coupling (various embodiments) of bioactive compounds and/or bioactive molecules.

Diagnostics

The present invention relates to a photonic crystal cavity based integrated optical diagnostics biomodule to detect a disease specific biomarker/an array of disease specific biomarkers.

Furthermore, the present invention relates to various microcapillary based integrated optical diagnostics biomodules to detect a disease specific biomarker/an array of disease specific biomarkers.

Furthermore, the present invention relates to various field effect transistor (FET) based integrated electrical diagnostics biomodules to detect a disease specific biomarker/an array of disease specific biomarkers.

Furthermore, the present invention relates to a nanohole based single molecule DNA/RNA sequencing electrical diagnostics biomodule to detect a disease specific biomarker/an array of disease specific biomarkers.

Furthermore, the present invention relates to an x-ray fluorescence diagnostics biomodule for detection of a disease specific biomarker/an array of disease specific biomarkers.

Furthermore, the present invention relates to a retinal contact lens subsystem to detect a disease specific biomarker/an array of disease specific biomarkers.

Furthermore, the present invention relates to a plasmonic interferometer based integrated optical diagnostics biomodule to detect a disease specific biomarker/an array of disease specific biomarkers.

Diagnostics-Delivery System

The present invention relates to an integrated bioelectronics subsystem to detect a disease specific biomarker/an array of disease specific biomarkers and actively deliver bioactive compounds and/or bioactive molecules.

Furthermore, the present invention relates to a retinal contact lens subsystem to deliver bioactive compounds and/or bioactive molecules.

Lab-On-Chip (LOC) Diagnostics

The present invention relates to various Lab-on-Chip subsystems and their applications in personalized healthcare.

Wearable Augmented Reality Subsystem with Connected Ambient/Always on Sensors

The present invention relates to a wearable augmented reality subsystem with connected ambient/always on sensors and its applications in personalized healthcare.

Wearable Subsystem with Connected Ambient/Always on Sensors

The present invention relates to a wearable subsystem with connected ambient/always on sensors and its applications in personalized healthcare.

Portable Internet Appliance with Connected Ambient/Always on Sensors

The present invention relates to a portable Internet appliance with connected ambient/always on sensors and its applications in personalized healthcare.

Brief description of the tables

The present invention is better understood upon consideration of the description in conjunction with the following Tables and Figures.

Table-1A and Table-1B, wherein each table illustrates a composition of a mixture of micronutrients. Table-1C illustrates a composition of a mixture of micronutrients for topical use. Table-1D, Table-1E, Table-1F, Table-1G, Table-1H, Table-1I, Table-1 J and Table-1K, wherein each table illustrates a composition of a mixture of micronutrients.

Table-2A and Table-2B, wherein each table illustrates a composition of a mixture of antioxidants.

Table-3A illustrates a composition of a multi-serve antioxidant liquid. Table-3B and Table-3C, wherein each table illustrates a composition of a single-serve antioxidant liquid. Table-3D illustrates a composition of a mixture of botanicals. Table-3E illustrates a composition of a mixture of electrolytes and dextrose.

Table-4 illustrates a composition of a biodegradable plastic material.

Table-5 illustrates a composition of a mixture for expression of beneficial NrF.sub.2 protein.

Table-6 illustrates molecular docking score with the mammalian target of Rapamycin (mTOR), utilizing computational chemistry software.

Table-7A, Table-7B, Table-7C and Table-7D, wherein each table illustrates a composition of a mixture for suppressing/inhibiting the mammalian target of Rapamycin.

Table-8A, Table-8B, Table-8C, Table-8D and Table-8E, wherein each table illustrates a composition of a mixture for lowering the risks of Alzheimer's disease.

Table-9 illustrates a composition of a mixture for lowering the risks of Cardiovascular disease.

Table-10A, Table-10B, Table-10C and Table-10D, wherein each table illustrates a composition of a mixture for lowering the risks of Type-2 Diabetes disease.

Table-11 illustrates a composition of a mixture of sugar free sweetener for people with Type-2 Diabetes disease.

Table-12A, Table-12B, Table-12C, Table-12D, Table-12E, Table-12F, Table-12G, Table-12H, Table-12I, Table-12J, Table-12K, Table-12L and Table-12M, wherein each table illustrates a composition of a mixture of sugar free super-sweetener for people with Type-2 Diabetes disease.

Table-13A, Table-13B, Table-13C, Table-13D, Table-13E, Table-13F, Table-13G, Table-13H, Table-13I, Table-13J, Table-13K, Table-13L, Table-13M, Table-13N, Table-130, Table-13P, Table-13Q, Table-13R, Table-13S, Table-13T, Table-13U, Table-13V and Table-13W, wherein each table illustrates a composition of a mixture of chewable/soluble strip for health.

Table-14A illustrates various compositions of a biodegradable scaffold. Table-14B illustrates various compositions of a biodegradable scaffold, integrated with various nanowire field effect transistors.

Table-15 illustrates a composition of a biodegradable plastic material.

Table-16A illustrates various compositions for a nanostructured mesh. Table-16B illustrates various compositions for a nanostructured mesh, integrated with various nanowire field effect transistors.

Brief description of the figures

FIG. 1 illustrates graphical interactions of Alzheimer's disease related genes/proteins with a set of bioactive compounds (e.g., an antioxidant, enzymatic antioxidant, enzyme, micronutrient (mineral/vitamin) and drug) and/or bioactive molecules (e.g., enzyme molecule, protein molecule, small molecule, therapeutic molecule, DNA, gene, ribozyme, RNA, messenger RNA (mRNA), micro RNA (miRNA), piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA) and small interfering RNA (siRNA)), according to comprehensive biological pathway analysis (BPA) software. FIG. 1A illustrates a section of FIG. 1 and FIG. 1B illustrates a section of FIG. 1 , wherein both sections are separated by a dotted line.

FIG. 2 illustrates graphical interactions of Alzheimer's, Dementia and Parkinson's disease related genes/proteins with a set of bioactive compounds and/or bioactive molecules, according to a comprehensive biological pathway analysis software. FIG. 2A illustrates a section of FIG. 2 and FIG. 2B illustrates a section of FIG. 2 , wherein both sections are separated by a dotted line.

FIG. 3 illustrates graphical interactions of Alzheimer's, Dementia and Parkinson's disease related genes/proteins with a set of bioactive compounds and/or bioactive molecules, according to comprehensive biological pathway analysis software. FIG. 3A illustrates a section of FIG. 3 and FIG. 3B illustrates a section of FIG. 3 , wherein both sections are separated by a dotted line.

FIG. 4 illustrates graphical interactions of Type-2 Diabetes disease related genes/proteins with a set of bioactive compounds and/or bioactive molecules, according to a comprehensive biological pathway analysis software. FIG. 4A illustrates a section of FIG. 4 and FIG. 4B illustrates a section of FIG. 4 , wherein both sections are separated by a dotted line.

FIGS. 5A and 5B illustrate molecular docking score with the mammalian Target of Rapamycin according to a comprehensive molecular docking analysis software.

FIGS. 6A, 6B, 6C, 6D and 6E illustrate targeted delivery of bioactive compounds and/or bioactive molecules, utilizing a nanocarrier and/or a nanoshell.

FIGS. 7A, 7B, 7C, 7D, 7E, 7F, 7G, 7H, 7I, 7J, 7K, 7L and 7M illustrate a passive (via a micropatch) delivery of bioactive compounds and/or bioactive molecules, utilizing thin-films, nanocrystals and microelectro-mechanical-system (MEMS) reservoirs. FIG. 7N illustrates a programmable/active (via a micropatch and microelectro-mechanical-system reservoir(s) integrated with needles) delivery of bioactive compounds and/or bioactive molecules, utilizing thin-films, nanocrystals, hydrogel, microelectro-mechanical-system reservoirs and micropumps. FIG. 7O illustrates a programmable/active (via a micropatch and microelectro-mechanical-system reservoir(s) integrated with nanotubes) delivery of bioactive compounds and/or bioactive molecules, utilizing thin-films, nanocrystals, hydrogel, microelectro-mechanical-system reservoirs and micropumps.

FIG. 8 illustrates a programmable/active (via a micropatch and microelectro-mechanical-system reservoir(s) integrated with needles) delivery of bioactive compounds and/or bioactive molecules, utilizing a microelectro-mechanical-system reservoir and a micropump.

FIGS. 9A, 9B, 9C and 9D illustrate an array of photonic crystal cavities based integrated optical diagnostics biomodule to detect a disease specific biomarker/an array of disease specific biomarkers.

FIGS. 10A, 10B, 10C and 10D illustrate (an array of microcapillaries based) integrated optical diagnostics biomodules (various embodiments) to detect a disease specific biomarker/an array of disease specific biomarkers.

FIGS. 11A, 11B, 11C and 11D (an array of microcapillaries based) illustrate integrated optical diagnostics biomodules (various other embodiments) to detect a disease specific biomarker/an array of disease specific biomarkers.

FIGS. 12A, 12B and 12C illustrate (an array of microcapillaries based) illustrate integrated optical diagnostics biomodules (various other embodiments) to detect a disease specific biomarker/an array of disease specific biomarkers. FIGS. 12D, 12E, 12F and 12G illustrate (an array of microcapillaries based) integrated optical diagnostics biomodules (various other embodiments) to detect up to two

million or more disease specific biomarkers.

FIGS. 13A, 13B and 13C illustrate (a two-dimensional (2-D) crystal based field effect transistor based) integrated electrical diagnostics biomodules (various embodiments) to detect a disease specific biomarker/an array of disease specific biomarkers. FIG. 13D illustrates chitosan/melanin based proton field effect transistor (H.sup.+ FET) integrated with a lipid layer and a nanotransmitter to detect a disease specific biomarker/an array of disease specific biomarkers. FIG. 13E illustrates a silicon nanowire based field effect transistor integrated with a lipid layer and a nanotransmitter to detect a disease specific biomarker/an array of disease specific biomarkers.

FIGS. 14A and 14B illustrate a nanohole based single molecule DNA/RNA sequencing electrical diagnostics biomodule to detect a disease specific biomarker/an array of disease specific biomarkers (by measuring an alteration/elimination of a single molecule of a single stranded DNA/RNA).

FIG. 15A illustrates integrated bioelectronics subsystems (various embodiments) to detect a disease specific biomarker/an array of disease specific biomarkers and deliver (programmable/active) bioactive compounds and/or bioactive molecules. FIG. 15B illustrates a near real-time/real-time application of the wearable integrated bioelectronics subsystem.

FIG. 16A illustrates a retinal contact lens subsystem to detect a disease specific biomarker/an array of disease specific biomarkers and deliver (programmable/active) bioactive compounds and/or bioactive molecules. FIG. 16B illustrates a near real-time/real-time application of the wearable retinal contact lens subsystem in FIG. 16A .

FIGS. 17A, 17B, 17C and 17D illustrate a near real-time/real-time wearable bioelectronics subsystem, as an augmented reality personal assistant to eavesdrop on a user's communication and anonymously recommend a solution to the user. FIG. 17E illustrates interactions of a near real-time/real-time wearable bioelectronics subsystem, as an augmented reality personal assistant with another near real-time/real-time wearable bioelectronics subsystem, as an augmented reality personal assistant and a portable internet appliance via a cloud based data storage unit. The word “unit” is synonymous with the word “media unit” or with the word “media”.

FIG. 18A illustrates a display configuration of a portable internet appliance. FIG. 18B illustrates how the portable Internet appliance can be morphed into a small form factor. FIG. 18C illustrates how the portable internet appliance can be connected with a standalone wearable device. FIG. 18D illustrates a block diagram of a LifeSoC for the Lifepatch. FIG. 18E illustrates how nanoI/Os (e.g., sensors on or within a human body), nanorouters and objects can connect/communicate with other nanoI/Os, nanorouters and objects in a ubiquitous/pervasive manner with an Internet. FIG. 18F illustrates a nanoI/O and a nanorouter. FIGS. 18G and 18H illustrate various configurations of an object.

FIGS. 19A, 19B, 19C, 19D, 19E, 19F, 19G, 19H, 19I and 19J illustrate various (block diagram) embodiments of a photonics-lab-on chip (P-LOC). FIG. 19K illustrates a specific embodiment of Bose-Einstein condensate (BCE) based ultrafast optical switch for applications in biology. FIGS. 19L, 19M and 19N illustrate an integrated device to obtain various RNAs and proteins within exosomes from a human body's blood. FIG. 19O illustrates a nanoscope for detecting various RNAs and proteins within exosomes from a human body's blood. FIG. 19P illustrates an array of nanoscopes for detecting various RNAs and proteins within exosomes from a human body's blood. FIG. 19Q illustrates a plasmonic interferometer for detecting various RNAs and proteins within exosomes from a human body's blood. FIG. 19R illustrates an optical assembly of plasmonic interferometer-optical fiber-optical switch-spectrophotometer to measure the interference patterns generated by an array of plasmonic interferometers.

FIG. 20 illustrates an insertable photonics-lab-on-chip into the portable Internet appliance. FIG. 20 also illustrates interactions with a hologram utilizing the portable internet appliance.

FIG. 21 illustrates realization of one integrated user identification merging a cell phone number and e-mail identification.

FIG. 22A illustrates a sender's portable internet appliance with a recipient's portable internet appliance via a cloud based server. FIG. 22B illustrates a sender's portable internet cloud appliance with a recipient's portable internet cloud appliance via a cloud based server.

FIG. 23 illustrates a near real-time/real-time focal point convergence of various applications or functions with one integrated user identification.

FIG. 24 illustrates patterns of various applications or functions of a single user with a user-centric personal web.

FIG. 25 illustrates a social graph of a user.

FIG. 26 illustrates a flow chart method of linking many users, utilizing machine transformations.

FIG. 27 illustrates patterns of various applications or functions of many users and analysis of such patterns by a cloud based machine learning/relearning interactive expert cognitive computer (e.g., IBM Watson).

FIG. 28 illustrates a composite social graph of many users.

FIG. 29 illustrates a flow chart method of extracting intelligence and prediction from the collective data patterns, utilizing machine transformations.

Detail description of the invention

Bioactive Compounds &/or Bioactive Molecules Interactions with Genes/Proteins

FIG. 1 illustrates direct and indirect graphical interactions of Alzheimer's disease related genes/proteins (e.g., APOE, APP, BACE1, CLU, MAPT/TAU, PSEN1, PSEN2, SORL1, TOMM40 and UBQLN1) with a set of bioactive compounds and/or bioactive molecules, utilizing a comprehensive biological pathway analysis software. FIG. 1A illustrates a section of FIG. 1 and FIG. 1B illustrates a section of FIG. 1 , wherein both sections are separated by a dotted line.

FIG. 2 illustrates direct and indirect graphical interactions of Alzheimer's, Dementia and Parkinson's disease related genes/proteins (e.g., DOPAMINE, LRRK2, MAOB, PARK2 and SNCA) with a set of bioactive compounds and/or bioactive molecules, utilizing comprehensive biological pathway analysis software. FIG. 2A illustrates a section of FIG. 2 and FIG. 2B illustrates a section of FIG. 2 , wherein both sections are separated by a dotted line. FIG. 3 illustrates direct and indirect graphical interactions of Alzheimer's, Dementia and Parkinson's disease related genes/proteins (e.g., DOPAMINE, LRRK2, MAOB, PARK2 and SNCA) with a set of bioactive compounds and/or bioactive molecules, utilizing comprehensive biological pathway analysis software. FIG. 3A illustrates a section of FIG. 3 and FIG. 3B illustrates a section of FIG. 3 , wherein both sections are separated by a dotted line.

FIG. 4 illustrates direct and indirect graphical interactions of Type-2 Diabetes disease related genes/proteins (e.g., ABCC8, GCK, HNF4A, INS, INSR, KCNJ11, LPL, PPARG and SLC2A2) with a set of bioactive compounds and/or bioactive molecules, utilizing comprehensive biological pathway analysis software. FIG. 4A illustrates a section of FIG. 4 and FIG. 4B illustrates a section of FIG. 4 , wherein both sections are separated by a dotted line.

Furthermore, Alzheimer's disease related gene/protein APOE is linked with Type-2 Diabetes disease related gene/protein HNF4A.

FIGS. 1A, 1B, 2A, 2B, 3A and 3B are critical to design compositions for lowering the risks of Alzheimer's disease.

FIGS. 4A and 4B are critical to design compositions for lowering the risks of Diabetes disease.

FIGS. 5A and 5B are critical to design compositions for suppressing/inhibiting the mammalian target of Rapamycin.

Compositions

Compositions as described in the Tables below can module (a) gene expression, (b) epigenetic effects and (c) genomic stability.

TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1A Composition Of A Mixture Of Micronutrients - May Also Include Some Bioactive Compounds From Tables After This Table Unit +/−50% WT % Chemical Pterostilbene (Nanoformulated).sup.1,2 Mg 200 4.89% Resveratrol (Nanoformulated).sup.1,2 Mg 200 4.89% Mineral Chromium Picolinate Mg 0.5 0.01% Magnesium L-Threonate Mg 400 9.78% Selenium (Selenomethionine) Mg 0.1 0.00% Zinc (L-Opti) Mg 15 0.37% Vanadium Mg 0.01 0.00% Nucleotide Nucleotides (DNA) Mg 400 9.78% Nucleotides (RNA) Mg 40 0.98% Vitamin Vitamin B.sub.1 (Thiamine) Mg 10 0.24% Vitamin B.sub.3 (Nicotinamide) Mg 400 9.78% Vitamin B.sub.5 Mg 200 4.89% Vitamin B.sub.6 (Pyritinol Or Pyridoxal Mg 20 0.49% 5′-Phosphate) Vitamin B.sub.9 (Folate) Mg 0.5 0.01% Vitamin B.sub.12 (Methylcobalamin) Mg 1 0.02% Vitamin C Mg 200 4.89% Vitamin D.sub.3 (Cholecalciferol) Mg 0.25 0.01% Vitamin K.sub.2 Mg 2 0.05% Other Lactoferrin Mg 2000 48.91% Total Weight G 3.69 100.00%

Mixture of micronutrients contains about 35 billion cumulative (or each live probiotic bacterial component (CFU) at 2.5 billion of: Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium lacti, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus salivarius, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Bifidobacterium breve, Lactobacillus paracasei, Lactococcus lactis, Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus brevis, Bifidobacterium bifidum and Bifidobacterium longum can be added with compositions in Table-1A.

Furthermore, live probiotic bacterial components can be encapsulated within a microparticulate system (e.g., chitosan-coated alginate microparticulate system).

TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 1B Composition Of A Mixture Of Micronutrients - May Also Include Some Bioactive Compounds From Tables After This Table Unit +/−50% WT % Botanical Bacopa monnieri .sup.+ Mg 200 1.28% Emblica officinalis .sup.+ Mg 200 1.28% Vaccinium macrocarpon .sup.+ Mg 800 5.12% Withania somnifera .sup.+ Mg 200 1.28% Chemical Acetyl-L-Carnitine Mg 200 1.28% Alpha-R-Lipoic Acid Mg 20 0.13% Beta-carotene Mg 20 0.13% Chlorogenic Acid Mg 200 1.28% Citicoline (Or L-Alpha Mg 600 3.84% Glycerylphosphorylcholine) Coenzyme Q.sub.10 (Nanoformulated).sup.1,2 Mg 1000 6.40% Curcumin (Nanoformulated).sup.1,2,3,4 Mg 200 1.28% D-Ribose Mg 400 2.56% Epigallocatechin Gallate Mg 200 1.28% L-Arginine Mg 4000 25.62% L-Glutathione (Or Ebselen Or N-Acetyl-L- Mg 200 1.28% Cysteine) L-Theanine Mg 400 2.56% Lutein Mg 10 0.06% Phosphatidylserine Mg 200 1.28% Pterostilbene (Nanoformulated).sup.1,2 Mg 200 1.28% Pyrroloquinoline Quinone (PQQ).sup.1,2 Mg 20 0.13% Resveratrol (Nanoformulated).sup.1,2 Mg 200 1.28% Touchi Mg 200 1.28% Trehalose Mg 200 1.28% Ubiquinol (Nanoformulated).sup.1,2 Mg 400 2.56% Zeaxanthin Mg 2 0.01% Mineral Chromium Picolinate Mg 0.5 0.00% Magnesium L-Threonate Mg 400 2.56% Melatonin (Extended Release) Mg 3 0.02% Omega 3-6-9 Acid (Including Mg 400 2.56% Decosahexanoic Acid) (Nanoformulated).sup.1 Potassium Mg 400 2.56% Selenium (Selenomethionine) Mg 0.1 0.00% Zinc (L-Opti) Mg 15 0.10% Zinc Sulfate Mg 250 1.60% Vanadium Mg 0.01 0.00% Nucleotide Nucleotides (DNA) Mg 400 2.56% Nucleotides (RNA) Mg 40 0.26% Vitamin Vitamin B.sub.1 (Thiamine) Mg 10 0.06% Vitamin B.sub.3 (Nicotinamide) Mg 400 2.56% Vitamin B.sub.5 Mg 200 1.28% Vitamin B.sub.6 (Pyritinol Or Pyridoxal Mg 20 0.13% 5′-Phosphate) Vitamin B.sub.9 (Folate) Mg 0.5 0.00% Vitamin B.sub.12 (Methylcobalamin) Mg 1 0.01% Vitamin C Mg 500 3.20% Vitamin D.sub.3 (Cholecalciferol) Mg 0.25 0.00% Vitamin E IU 400 2.56% Vitamin K.sub.2 Mg 2 0.01% Other Lactoferrin Mg 2000 12.81% Live Lactobacillus plantarum 299v Billion 10 0.00% Total Weight G 15.61 100.00%

800 mg of L-Tryptophan can be added with compositions in Table-1B.

200 mg of passion fruit tea extract can be added with compositions in Table-1B.

TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 1C Composition Of A Mixture Of Micronutrients For Topical Use - May Also Include Some Bioactive Compounds From Tables Before & After This Table Unit +/−50% WT % Botanical Camellia sinensis (Green Tea) Extract Mg 200 4.87% Daucus carota Extract Mg 200 4.87% Emblica officinalis Extract Mg 200 4.87% Hippophae rhamnoides Oil Mg 200 4.87% Macrocystis pyrifera Extract Mg 200 4.87% Prunus amygdalus dulcis (Sweet Mg 200 4.87% Almond) Oil Solanum lycopersicum Mg 200 4.87% Chemical Acetyl Hexapeptide Mg 200 4.87% Arbutin Mg 200 4.87% Caffeine Mg 20 0.49% Elastatropin Mg 200 4.87% Haloxyl Mg 200 4.87% Hyaluronic Acid Mg 200 4.87% Hydroxytyrosol Mg 200 4.87% Hydrolyzed Wheat Protein Mg 200 4.87% Palmitoyl Pentapeptide-4 Mg 200 4.87% Quercetin (Nanoformulated).sup.1,2 Mg 200 4.87% Resveratrol (Nanoformulated).sup.1,2 Mg 200 4.87% Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) Mg 200 4.87% (Nanoformulated).sup.1,2 Vitamin Pyrroloquinoline Quinone (PQQ).sup.1,2 Mg 20 0.49% Vitamin B.sub.5 Mg 200 4.87% Vitamin E IU 400 6.49% Total Weight G 4.11 100.00%

200 mg of Argan oil can be added with compositions in Table-1C.

200 mg of Coconut (preferably mature coconut) oil can be added with compositions in Table-1C.

200 mg of Marula oil can be added with compositions in Table-1C.

200 mg of Red Raspberry seed oil can be added with compositions in Table-1C.

600 mg of Turmeric oil can be added with compositions in Table-1C.

200 mg of extract of stem cells of Malus domestica can be added with compositions in Table-1C.

200 mg of extract of stem cells of leaves of tomato plant can be added with compositions in Table-1C.

Regulatory proteins, called growth factors are biologically active molecules that can stimulate stem cells to grow into specialized cells in the regeneration of human tissue. Suitable amount of growth factors from stem cells can be added. Generally, stem factors contains hundreds of unique growth factors and cytokines that are naturally derived from adult stem cells. The above growth factors can be photo activated/modulated (by a small quantity of reactive molecular species), utilizing a laser/an array of lasers of suitable wavelength and intensity. Furthermore, the above growth factors along with compositions in Table-1C can be nanoformulated/nanoencapsulated (for repairing damaged skin).

Fibroblasts are a type of cell found in the connective tissue, where fibroblasts produce proteins such as collagen, elastin and GAG's which are all critical to repairing skin density and the overall look and quality of the skin. There are at least two distinct types of fibroblasts in the skin: those in the upper layer of connective tissue, which are required for the formation of hair follicles and those in the lower layer, which are responsible for making most of the skin's collagen fibers and repairing damaged skin. Suitable amounts of fibroblasts can be added with composition in Table-1C.

Activators of fibroblasts: 1,3 beta glucan, chlorella, EGF, GHK-copper peptides, niacinamide, R-lipoic acid and retinaldehyde and/or synergistic combination(s) of 1,3 beta glucan, chlorella, EGF, GHK-copper peptides, niacinamide, R-lipoic acid and retinaldehyde can activate fibroblasts and supply nutrients to fibroblasts. Suitable amounts of activators of fibroblasts can be added with compositions in Table-1C.

Furthermore, 1,3 beta glucan, chlorella, EGF, GHK-copper peptides, niacinamide, R-lipoic acid and retinaldehyde and synergistic combination(s) of 1,3 beta glucan, chlorella, EGF, GHK-copper peptides, niacinamide, R-lipoic acid and retinaldehyde can be nanoformulated/nanoencapsulated to activate fibroblasts and supply nutrients to fibroblasts more effectively.

Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) molecules are critical for repairing damaged skin. Fibroblast growth factor molecules can induce expression of Nrf2. Nrf2 regulates the expression of proteins, which are involved in the detoxification of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Suitable amount of fibroblast growth factor can be added with compositions in Table-1C.

Furthermore, zinc finger technology (ZFT) can be utilized to repair DNA damage and assist in the production of proteins and antioxidants within the skin cell. Suitable amounts of zinc finger technology can be added with compositions in Table-1C.

Furthermore, a nanoemulsion system with a high degree of stability can be utilized for transdermal delivery of compositions (described in Table-1C) along with compositions described in the previous paragraphs.

TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 1D Composition Of A Mixture Of Micronutrients - May Also Include Some Bioactive Compounds From Tables Before & After This Table Unit +/−50% WT % Botanicals Boswellia serrata Extract Mg 1000 12.62% Cayenne Pepper Mg 200 2.52% Corydalis yanhusuo Root Concentrate Mg 200 2.52% Curcuma longa Root Extract Mg 200 2.52% Salix (White Willow) Bark Extract Mg 200 2.52% Zingiber officinale Root Concentrate Mg 200 2.52% Chemical Chondroitin Sulfate Mg 1000 12.62% Curcumin (Nanoformulated).sup.1,2 Mg 200 2.52% Dehydrocorybulbine (DHCB) Mg 100 1.26% Geinstein Mg 100 1.26% Glucosamine Hydrochloride Or Glucosamine Mg 2000 25.25% Sulfate Hyaluronic Acid Mg 100 1.26% Methylsufonlymethane (MSM) Mg 1000 12.62% S-Adenosyl methionine (SAM) Mg 200 2.52% Minerals Boron Mg 2 0.03% Calcium Mg 500 6.31% Copper Mg 1 0.01% Magnesium Mg 100 1.26% Manganese Mg 2 0.03% Molybdenum Mg 0.1 0.00% Zinc (L-Opti) Mg 15 0.19% Vitamin Vitamin B.sub.12 (Methylcobalamin) Mg 1 0.01% Vitamin C Mg 200 2.52% Vitamin D IU 2000 0.00% Total Weight G 7.92 100.00%

TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 1E Composition Of A Mixture Of Micronutrients - May Also Include Some Bioactive Compounds From Tables Before & After This Table Unit +/−50% WT % Botanicals Boswellia serrata Extract Mg 1000 12.95% Corydalis yanhusuo Root Concentrate Mg 200 2.59% Curcuma longa Root Extract Mg 200 2.59% Salix (White Willow) Bark Extract Mg 200 2.59% Zingiber officinale Root Concentrate Mg 200 2.59% Chemical Chondroitin Sulfate Mg 1000 12.95% Curcumin (Nanoformulated).sup.1,2 Mg 200 2.59% Dehydrocorybulbine (DHCB) Mg 100 1.30% Geinstein Mg 100 1.30% Glucosamine Hydrochloride Or Glucosamine Mg 2000 25.90% Sulfate Hyaluronic Acid Mg 100 1.30% Methylsufonlymethane (MSM) Mg 1000 12.95% S-Adenosyl methionine (SAM) Mg 200 2.59% Sulforaphane Mg 400 5.18% Minerals Boron Mg 2 0.03% Calcium Mg 500 6.48% Copper Mg 1 0.01% Magnesium Mg 100 1.30% Manganese Mg 2 0.03% Molybdenum Mg 0.1 0.00% Zinc (L-Opti) Mg 15 0.19% Vitamin Vitamin B.sub.12 (Methylcobalamin) Mg 1 0.01% Vitamin C Mg 200 2.59% Vitamin D IU 2000 0.00% Total Weight G 7.72 100.00%

TABLE-US-00006 TABLE 1F Composition Of A Mixture Of Micronutrients - May Also Include Some Bioactive Compounds From Tables Before & After This Table Unit +/−50% WT % Botanicals Boswellia serrata Extract Mg 1000 13.30% Curcuma longa Root Extract Mg 200 2.66% Salix (White Willow) Bark Extract Mg 200 2.66% Zingiber officinale Root Concentrate Mg 200 2.66% Chemical Chondroitin Sulfate Mg 1000 13.30% Curcumin (Nanoformulated).sup.1,2 Mg 200 2.66% Dehydrocorybulbine (DHCB) Mg 100 1.33% Geinstein Mg 100 1.33% Glucosamine Hydrochloride Or Glucosamine Mg 2000 26.59% Sulfate Hyaluronic Acid Mg 100 1.33% Methylsufonlymethane (MSM) Mg 1000 13.30% S-Adenosyl methionine (SAM) Mg 200 2.66% Sulforaphane Mg 400 5.32% Minerals Boron Mg 2 0.03% Calcium Mg 500 6.65% Copper Mg 1 0.01% Magnesium Mg 100 1.33% Manganese Mg 2 0.03% Molybdenum Mg 0.1 0.00% Zinc (L-Opti) Mg 15 0.02% Vitamin Vitamin B.sub.12 (Methylcobalamin) Mg 1 0.01% Vitamin C Mg 200 2.66% Vitamin D IU 2000 0.05% Total Weight G 7.52 100.00%

TABLE-US-00007 TABLE 1G Composition Of A Mixture Of Micronutrients - May Also Include Some Bioactive Compounds From Tables Before & After This Table Unit +/−50% WT % Botanicals Boswellia serrata Extract Mg 1000 13.66% Salix (White Willow) Bark Extract Mg 200 2.73% Zingiber officinale Root Concentrate Mg 200 2.73% Chemical Chondroitin Sulfate Mg 1000 13.66% Curcumin (Nanoformulated).sup.1,2 Mg 200 2.73% Dehydrocorybulbine (DHCB) Mg 100 1.37% Geinstein Mg 100 1.37% Glucosamine Hydrochloride Or Glucosamine Mg 2000 27.32% Sulfate Hyaluronic Acid Mg 100 1.37% Methylsufonlymethane (MSM) Mg 1000 13.66% S-Adenosyl methionine (SAM) Mg 200 2.73% Sulforaphane Mg 400 5.46% Minerals Boron Mg 2 0.03% Calcium Mg 500 6.83% Copper Mg 1 0.01% Magnesium Mg 100 1.37% Manganese Mg 2 0.03% Molybdenum Mg 0.1 0.00% Zinc (L-Opti) Mg 15 0.20% Vitamin Vitamin B.sub.12 (Methylcobalamin) Mg 1 0.01% Vitamin C Mg 200 2.73% Vitamin D IU 2000 0.00% Total Weight G 7.32 100.00%

TABLE-US-00008 TABLE 1H Composition Of A Mixture Of Micronutrients - May Also Include Some Bioactive Compounds From Tables Before & After This Table Unit +/−50% WT % Botanicals Boswellia serrata Extract Mg 1000 14.04% Zingiber officinale Root Concentrate Mg 200 2.81% Chemical Chondroitin Sulfate Mg 1000 14.04% Curcumin (Nanoformulated).sup.1,2 Mg 200 2.81% Dehydrocorybulbine (DHCB) Mg 100 1.40% Geinstein Mg 100 1.40% Glucosamine Hydrochloride Or Glucosamine Mg 2000 28.09% Sulfate Hyaluronic Acid Mg 100 1.40% Methylsufonlymethane (MSM) Mg 1000 14.04% S-Adenosyl methionine (SAM) Mg 200 2.81% Sulforaphane Mg 400 5.62% Minerals Boron Mg 2 0.03% Calcium Mg 500 7.02% Copper Mg 1 0.01% Magnesium Mg 100 1.40% Manganese Mg 2 0.03% Molybdenum Mg 0.1 0.00% Zinc (L-Opti) Mg 15 0.21% Vitamin Vitamin B.sub.12 (Methylcobalamin) Mg 1 0.01% Vitamin C Mg 200 2.81% Vitamin D IU 2000 0.00% Total Weight G 7.12 100.00%

TABLE-US-00009 TABLE 1I Composition Of A Mixture Of Micronutrients - May Also Include Some Bioactive Compounds From Tables Before & After This Table Unit +/−50% WT % Botanicals Boswellia serrata Extract Mg 1000 14.45% Chemical Chondroitin Sulfate Mg 1000 14.45% Curcumin (Nanoformulated).sup.1,2 Mg 200 2.89% Dehydrocorybulbine (DHCB) Mg 100 1.44% Geinstein Mg 100 1.44% Glucosamine Hydrochloride Or Glucosamine Mg 2000 28.90% Sulfate Hyaluronic Acid M 100 1.44% Methylsufonlymethane (MSM) Mg 1000 14.45% S-Adenosyl methionine (SAM) Mg 200 2.89% Sulforaphane Mg 400 5.78% Minerals Boron Mg 2 0.03% Calcium Mg 500 7.22% Copper Mg 1 0.01% Magnesium Mg 100 1.44% Manganese Mg 2 0.03% Molybdenum Mg 0.1 0.00% Zinc (L-Opti) Mg 15 0.22% Vitamin Vitamin B.sub.12 (Methylcobalamin) Mg 1 0.01% Vitamin C Mg 200 2.89% Vitamin D IU 2000 0.00% Total Weight G 6.92 100.00%

TABLE-US-00010 TABLE 1J Composition Of A Mixture Of Micronutrients - May Also Include Some Bioactive Compounds From Tables Before & After This Table Unit +/−50% WT % Botanicals Boswellia serrata Extract Mg 1000 14.66% Chemical Chondroitin Sulfate Mg 1000 14.66% Curcumin (Nanoformulated).sup.1,2 Mg 200 2.93% Geinstein Mg 100 1.47% Glucosamine Hydrochloride Or Glucosamine Mg 2000 29.32% Sulfate Hyaluronic Acid Mg 100 1.47% Methylsufonlymethane (MSM) Mg 1000 14.66% S-Adenosyl methionine (SAM) Mg 200 2.93% Sulforaphane Mg 400 5.86% Minerals Boron Mg 2 0.03% Calcium Mg 500 7.33% Copper Mg 1 0.01% Magnesium Mg 100 1.47% Manganese Mg 2 0.03% Molybdenum Mg 0.1 0.00% Zinc (L-Opti) Mg 15 0.22% Vitamin Vitamin B.sub.12 (Methylcobalamin) Mg 1 0.01% Vitamin C Mg 200 2.93% Vitamin D IU 2000 0.00% Total Weight G 6.82 100.00%

The description continues in the full USPTO document.